Next: Introduction, Up: (dir) [Contents][Index]
This manual is for GNU tar
(version
1.26, 12 March 2011), which creates and extracts files
from archives.
Copyright © 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts being “A GNU Manual”, and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.
(a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in developing GNU and promoting software freedom.”
The first part of this master menu lists the major nodes in this Info document. The rest of the menu lists all the lower level nodes.
• Introduction: | ||
• Tutorial: | ||
• tar invocation: | ||
• operations: | ||
• Backups: | ||
• Choosing: | ||
• Date input formats: | ||
• Formats: | ||
• Media: | ||
• Reliability and security: | ||
Appendices | ||
---|---|---|
• Changes: | ||
• Configuring Help Summary: | ||
• Fixing Snapshot Files: | ||
• Tar Internals: | ||
• Genfile: | ||
• Free Software Needs Free Documentation: | ||
• GNU Free Documentation License: | ||
• Index of Command Line Options: | ||
• Index: | ||
— The Detailed Node Listing — Introduction | ||
• Book Contents: | What this Book Contains | |
• Definitions: | Some Definitions | |
• What tar Does: | What tar Does
| |
• Naming tar Archives: | How tar Archives are Named
| |
• Authors: | GNU tar Authors
| |
• Reports: | Reporting bugs or suggestions | |
Tutorial Introduction to | ||
• assumptions: | ||
• stylistic conventions: | ||
• basic tar options: | Basic tar Operations and Options
| |
• frequent operations: | ||
• Two Frequent Options: | ||
• create: | How to Create Archives | |
• list: | How to List Archives | |
• extract: | How to Extract Members from an Archive | |
• going further: | ||
Two Frequently Used Options | ||
• file tutorial: | ||
• verbose tutorial: | ||
• help tutorial: | ||
How to Create Archives | ||
• prepare for examples: | ||
• Creating the archive: | ||
• create verbose: | ||
• short create: | ||
• create dir: | ||
How to List Archives | ||
• list dir: | ||
How to Extract Members from an Archive | ||
• extracting archives: | ||
• extracting files: | ||
• extract dir: | ||
• extracting untrusted archives: | ||
• failing commands: | ||
Invoking GNU | ||
• Synopsis: | ||
• using tar options: | ||
• Styles: | ||
• All Options: | ||
• help: | ||
• defaults: | ||
• verbose: | ||
• checkpoints: | ||
• warnings: | ||
• interactive: | ||
The Three Option Styles | ||
• Long Options: | Long Option Style | |
• Short Options: | Short Option Style | |
• Old Options: | Old Option Style | |
• Mixing: | Mixing Option Styles | |
All | ||
• Operation Summary: | ||
• Option Summary: | ||
• Short Option Summary: | ||
GNU | ||
• Basic tar: | ||
• Advanced tar: | ||
• create options: | ||
• extract options: | ||
• backup: | ||
• Applications: | ||
• looking ahead: | ||
Advanced GNU | ||
• Operations: | ||
• append: | ||
• update: | ||
• concatenate: | ||
• delete: | ||
• compare: | ||
How to Add Files to Existing Archives: --append | ||
• appending files: | Appending Files to an Archive | |
• multiple: | ||
Updating an Archive | ||
• how to update: | ||
Options Used by --create | ||
• override: | Overriding File Metadata. | |
• Ignore Failed Read: | ||
Options Used by --extract | ||
• Reading: | Options to Help Read Archives | |
• Writing: | Changing How tar Writes Files
| |
• Scarce: | Coping with Scarce Resources | |
Options to Help Read Archives | ||
• read full records: | ||
• Ignore Zeros: | ||
Changing How | ||
• Dealing with Old Files: | ||
• Overwrite Old Files: | ||
• Keep Old Files: | ||
• Keep Newer Files: | ||
• Unlink First: | ||
• Recursive Unlink: | ||
• Data Modification Times: | ||
• Setting Access Permissions: | ||
• Directory Modification Times and Permissions: | ||
• Writing to Standard Output: | ||
• Writing to an External Program: | ||
• remove files: | ||
Coping with Scarce Resources | ||
• Starting File: | ||
• Same Order: | ||
Performing Backups and Restoring Files | ||
• Full Dumps: | Using tar to Perform Full Dumps
| |
• Incremental Dumps: | Using tar to Perform Incremental Dumps
| |
• Backup Levels: | Levels of Backups | |
• Backup Parameters: | Setting Parameters for Backups and Restoration | |
• Scripted Backups: | Using the Backup Scripts | |
• Scripted Restoration: | Using the Restore Script | |
Setting Parameters for Backups and Restoration | ||
• General-Purpose Variables: | ||
• Magnetic Tape Control: | ||
• User Hooks: | ||
• backup-specs example: | An Example Text of Backup-specs | |
Choosing Files and Names for | ||
• file: | Choosing the Archive’s Name | |
• Selecting Archive Members: | ||
• files: | Reading Names from a File | |
• exclude: | Excluding Some Files | |
• wildcards: | Wildcards Patterns and Matching | |
• quoting styles: | Ways of Quoting Special Characters in Names | |
• transform: | Modifying File and Member Names | |
• after: | Operating Only on New Files | |
• recurse: | Descending into Directories | |
• one: | Crossing File System Boundaries | |
Reading Names from a File | ||
• nul: | ||
Excluding Some Files | ||
• problems with exclude: | ||
Wildcards Patterns and Matching | ||
• controlling pattern-matching: | ||
Crossing File System Boundaries | ||
• directory: | Changing Directory | |
• absolute: | Absolute File Names | |
Date input formats | ||
• General date syntax: | Common rules. | |
• Calendar date items: | 19 Dec 1994. | |
• Time of day items: | 9:20pm. | |
• Time zone items: | EST, PDT, GMT. | |
• Day of week items: | Monday and others. | |
• Relative items in date strings: | next tuesday, 2 years ago. | |
• Pure numbers in date strings: | 19931219, 1440. | |
• Seconds since the Epoch: | @1078100502. | |
• Specifying time zone rules: | TZ="America/New_York", TZ="UTC0". | |
• Authors of parse_datetime: | Bellovin, Eggert, Salz, Berets, et al. | |
Controlling the Archive Format | ||
• Compression: | Using Less Space through Compression | |
• Attributes: | Handling File Attributes | |
• Portability: | Making tar Archives More Portable
| |
• cpio: | Comparison of tar and cpio
| |
Using Less Space through Compression | ||
• gzip: | Creating and Reading Compressed Archives | |
• sparse: | Archiving Sparse Files | |
Creating and Reading Compressed Archives | ||
• lbzip2: | Using lbzip2 with GNU tar .
| |
Making | ||
• Portable Names: | Portable Names | |
• dereference: | Symbolic Links | |
• hard links: | Hard Links | |
• old: | Old V7 Archives | |
• ustar: | Ustar Archives | |
• gnu: | GNU and old GNU format archives. | |
• posix: | POSIX archives | |
• Checksumming: | Checksumming Problems | |
• Large or Negative Values: | Large files, negative time stamps, etc. | |
• Other Tars: | How to Extract GNU-Specific Data Using
Other tar Implementations
| |
GNU | ||
• PAX keywords: | Controlling Extended Header Keywords. | |
How to Extract GNU-Specific Data Using Other | ||
• Split Recovery: | Members Split Between Volumes | |
• Sparse Recovery: | Sparse Members | |
Tapes and Other Archive Media | ||
• Device: | Device selection and switching | |
• Remote Tape Server: | ||
• Common Problems and Solutions: | ||
• Blocking: | Blocking | |
• Many: | Many archives on one tape | |
• Using Multiple Tapes: | Using Multiple Tapes | |
• label: | Including a Label in the Archive | |
• verify: | ||
• Write Protection: | ||
Blocking | ||
• Format Variations: | Format Variations | |
• Blocking Factor: | The Blocking Factor of an Archive | |
Many Archives on One Tape | ||
• Tape Positioning: | Tape Positions and Tape Marks | |
• mt: | The mt Utility
| |
Using Multiple Tapes | ||
• Multi-Volume Archives: | Archives Longer than One Tape or Disk | |
• Tape Files: | Tape Files | |
• Tarcat: | Concatenate Volumes into a Single Archive | |
Tar Internals | ||
• Standard: | Basic Tar Format | |
• Extensions: | GNU Extensions to the Archive Format | |
• Sparse Formats: | Storing Sparse Files | |
• Snapshot Files: | ||
• Dumpdir: | ||
Storing Sparse Files | ||
• Old GNU Format: | ||
• PAX 0: | PAX Format, Versions 0.0 and 0.1 | |
• PAX 1: | PAX Format, Version 1.0 | |
Genfile | ||
• Generate Mode: | File Generation Mode. | |
• Status Mode: | File Status Mode. | |
• Exec Mode: | Synchronous Execution mode. | |
Copying This Manual | ||
• GNU Free Documentation License: | License for copying this manual | |
Next: Introduction, Up: (dir) [Contents][Index]