INSTALL(8)              NetBSD System Manager's Manual              INSTALL(8)

NAME
     INSTALL -- Installation procedure for NetBSD/hpcsh.

CONTENTS
      About this Document............................................2
      What is NetBSD?................................................2
      Changes Between The NetBSD 8.2 and 8.3 Releases................3
      Features to be removed in a later release......................3
      The NetBSD Foundation..........................................3
      Sources of NetBSD..............................................3
      NetBSD 8.3 Release Contents....................................3
         NetBSD/hpcsh subdirectory structure.........................5
         Binary distribution sets....................................5
      NetBSD/hpcsh System Requirements and Supported Devices.........6
         Supported WindowsCE machines................................7
         Supported WindowsCE devices.................................7
      Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media...................7
      Preparing your System for NetBSD installation..................9
      Installing the NetBSD System..................................10
         Running the sysinst installation program...................10
            Introduction............................................10
            Possible hardware problems..............................10
            General.................................................10
            Quick install...........................................10
            Booting NetBSD..........................................11
            Network configuration...................................12
            Installation drive selection and parameters.............12
            Selecting which sets to install.........................12
            Partitioning the disk...................................12
            Preparing your hard disk................................13
            Getting the distribution sets...........................13
            Installation from CD-ROM................................14
            Installation using FTP..................................14
            Installation using NFS..................................14
            Installation from an unmounted file system..............14
            Installation from a local directory.....................15
            Extracting the distribution sets........................15
            Configure additional items..............................15
            Finalizing your installation............................15
      Post installation steps.......................................15
      Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System................18
      Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases............18
         Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 5.x releases.......19
         Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 6.x releases.......19
         Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 7.x releases.......19
      Using online NetBSD documentation.............................19
      Administrivia.................................................20
      Thanks go to..................................................21
      We are........................................................21
      Legal Mumbo-Jumbo.............................................28
      The End.......................................................35

DESCRIPTION
   About this Document
     This document describes the installation procedure for
     NetBSD 8.3 on the hpcsh platform.  It is available in four
     different formats titled INSTALL.ext, where .ext is one of
     .ps, .html, .more, or .txt:

           .ps     PostScript.

           .html   Standard Internet HTML.

           .more   The enhanced text format used on UNIX-like
                   systems by the more(1) and less(1) pager util-
                   ity programs.  This is the format in which the
                   on-line man pages are generally presented.

           .txt    Plain old ASCII.

     You are reading the ASCII version.

   What is NetBSD?
     The NetBSD Operating System is a fully functional Open
     Source UNIX-like operating system derived from the Univer-
     sity of California, Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2),
     4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources.  NetBSD runs on many
     different different system architectures (ports) across a
     variety of distinct CPU families, and is being ported to
     more.  The NetBSD 8.3 release contains complete binary
     releases for most of these system architectures, with pre-
     liminary support for the others included in source form.
     Please see the NetBSD website at http://www.NetBSD.org/ for
     information on them.)

     NetBSD is a completely integrated system.  In addition to
     its highly portable, high performance kernel, NetBSD fea-
     tures a complete set of user utilities, compilers for sev-
     eral languages, the X Window System, firewall software and
     numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.

     NetBSD is a creation of the members of the Internet commu-
     nity.  Without the unique cooperation and coordination the
     net makes possible, NetBSD would not exist.

   Changes Between The NetBSD 8.2 and 8.3 Releases
     The NetBSD 8.3 release is the third security/critical update
     of the NetBSD 8 release branch.  It represents a selected
     subset of fixes deemed important for security or stability
     reasons.  The complete list of changes can be found in the
     CHANGES-8.3:
           https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-8.3/CHANGES-8.3
     file in the top level directory of the NetBSD 8.3 release
     tree.

     The release anouncements, status, updates and links to other
     resources can be found at
           https://www.netbsd.org/releases/formal-8/

   Features to be removed in a later release
     The following features are to be removed from NetBSD in the
     future:

     o   dhclient(8) in favor of dhcpcd(8).

     o   groff(1).  Man pages are now handled with mandoc(1), and
         groff(1) can still be found in pkgsrc as textproc/groff.

     o   rtsol(8) and rtsold(8).

   The NetBSD Foundation
     The NetBSD Foundation is a tax exempt, not-for-profit
     501(c)(3) corporation that devotes itself to the traditional
     goals and Spirit of the NetBSD Project and owns the trade-
     mark of the word ``NetBSD''.  It supports the design, devel-
     opment, and adoption of NetBSD worldwide.  More information
     on the NetBSD Foundation, its composition, aims, and work
     can be found at:
           http://www.NetBSD.org/foundation/

   Sources of NetBSD
     Refer to
           http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/

   NetBSD 8.3 Release Contents
     The root directory of the NetBSD 8.3 release is organized as
     follows:

     .../NetBSD-8.3/

     CHANGES       Changes between the 7.0 and 8.0 releases.

     CHANGES-8.0   Changes between the initial 8.0 branch and
                   final release of 8.0.

     CHANGES-8.1   Changes between the 8.0 release and the 8.1
                   release.

     CHANGES-8.2   Changes between the 8.1 release and the 8.2
                   release.

     CHANGES-8.3   Changes between the 8.2 release and the 8.3
                   release.

     CHANGES.prev  Changes in previous NetBSD releases.

     LAST_MINUTE   Last minute changes and notes about the
                   release.

     README.files  README describing the distribution's contents.

     images/       Images (ISO 9660 or USB) for installing
                   NetBSD.  Depending on your system, these may
                   be bootable.

     source/       Source distribution sets; see below.

     In addition to the files and directories listed above, there
     is one directory per architecture, for each of the architec-
     tures for which NetBSD 8.3 has a binary distribution.

     The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories
     of the source subdirectory of the distribution tree.  They
     contain the complete sources to the system.  The source dis-
     tribution sets are as follows:

     gnusrc    This set contains the ``gnu'' sources, including
               the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, and
               the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution
               sets.

     sharesrc  This set contains the ``share'' sources, which
               include the sources for the man pages not associ-
               ated with any particular program; the sources for
               the typesettable document set; the dictionaries;
               and more.

     src       This set contains all of the base NetBSD 8.3
               sources which are not in gnusrc, sharesrc, or
               syssrc.

     syssrc    This set contains the sources to the NetBSD 8.3
               kernel for all architectures as well as the
               config(1) utility.

     xsrc      This set contains the sources to the X Window Sys-
               tem.

     All the above source sets are located in the source/sets
     subdirectory of the distribution tree.

     The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files.
     Except for the pkgsrc set, which is traditionally unpacked
     into /usr/pkgsrc, all sets may be unpacked into /usr/src
     with the command:
           # cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz

     In each of the source distribution set directories, there
     are files which contain the checksums of the files in the
     directory:

           MD5     MD5 digests in the format produced by the com-
                   mand:
                   cksum -a MD5 file.

           SHA512  SHA512 digests in the format produced by the
                   command:
                   cksum -a SHA512 file.

     The SHA512 digest is safer, but MD5 checksums are provided
     so that a wider range of operating systems can check the
     integrity of the release files.

     NetBSD/hpcsh subdirectory structure

     The hpcsh-specific portion of the NetBSD 8.3 release is
     found in the hpcsh subdirectory of the distribution:
     .../NetBSD-8.3/hpcsh/.  It contains the following files and
     directories:

     INSTALL.html
     INSTALL.ps
     INSTALL.txt
     INSTALL.more  Installation notes in various file formats,
                   including this file.  The .more file contains
                   underlined text using the more(1) conventions
                   for indicating italic and bold display.
     binary/
                   kernel/
                            netbsd-GENERIC.gz
                                       A gzipped NetBSD kernel
                                       containing code for every-
                                       thing supported in this
                                       release.
                   sets/    hpcsh binary distribution sets; see
                            below.
     installation/
                   misc/      Miscellaneous hpcsh installation
                              utilities; see installation section
                              below.

     Binary distribution sets

     The NetBSD hpcsh binary distribution sets contain the bina-
     ries which comprise the NetBSD 8.3 release for hpcsh.  The
     binary distribution sets can be found in the
     hpcsh/binary/sets subdirectory of the NetBSD 8.3 distribu-
     tion tree, and are as follows:

     base     The NetBSD 8.3 hpcsh base binary distribution.  You
              must install this distribution set.  It contains
              the base NetBSD utilities that are necessary for
              the system to run and be minimally functional.

     comp     Things needed for compiling programs.  This set
              includes the system include files (/usr/include)
              and the various system libraries (except the shared
              libraries, which are included as part of the base
              set).  This set also includes the manual pages for
              all of the utilities it contains, as well as the
              system call and library manual pages.

     debug    This distribution set contains debug information
              for all base system utilities.  It is usefull when
              reporting issues with binaries or during develope-
              ment.  This set is huge, if the target disk is
              small, do not install it.

     etc      This distribution set contains the system configu-
              ration files that reside in /etc and in several
              other places.  This set must be installed if you
              are installing the system from scratch, but should
              not be used if you are upgrading.

     games    This set includes the games and their manual pages.

     kern-GENERIC
              This set contains a NetBSD/hpcsh 8.3 GENERIC ker-
              nel, named /netbsd.  You must install this distri-
              bution set.

     man      This set includes all of the manual pages for the
              binaries and other software contained in the base
              set.  Note that it does not include any of the man-
              ual pages that are included in the other sets.

     misc     This set includes the system dictionaries, the
              typesettable document set, and other files from
              /usr/share.

     modules  This set includes kernel modules to add functional-
              ity to a running system.

     text     This set includes NetBSD's text processing tools,
              including groff(1), all related programs, and their
              manual pages.

     NetBSD maintains its own set of sources for the X Window
     System in order to assure tight integration and compatibil-
     ity.  These sources are based on X.Org.  Binary sets for the
     X Window System are distributed with NetBSD.  The sets are:

     xbase    The basic files needed for a complete X client
              environment.  This does not include the X servers.

     xcomp    The extra libraries and include files needed to
              compile X source code.

     xdebug   This distribution set contains debug information
              for all X11 binaries.  It is usefull when reporting
              issues with these binaries or during developement.
              This set is huge, if the target disk is small, do
              not install it.

     xfont    Fonts needed by the X server and by X clients.

     xetc     Configuration files for X which could be locally
              modified.

     xserver  The X server.

     The hpcsh binary distribution sets are distributed as
     gzipped tar files named with the extension .tgz, e.g.
     base.tgz.

     The instructions given for extracting the source sets work
     equally well for the binary sets, but it is worth noting
     that if you use that method, the filenames stored in the
     sets are relative and therefore the files are extracted
     below the current directory.  Therefore, if you want to
     extract the binaries into your system, i.e.  replace the
     system binaries with them, you have to run the tar -xzpf
     command from the root directory ( / ) of your system.

     Note:  Each directory in the hpcsh binary distribution also
            has its own checksum files, just as the source dis-
            tribution does.

   NetBSD/hpcsh System Requirements and Supported Devices
     A H/PC machine contains a keyboard and a touch screen and
     generally has 8 MB or more of RAM.  The port supports the
     HPC form factor, as well as the H/PC Pro and PsPC (Palmsized
     PC) form factors.

     Supported WindowsCE machines

           o   Hewlett-Packard
               -   Jornada 680
               -   Jornada 690
               -   HP 620LX

           o   Hitachi
               -   PERSONA HPW-50PAD
               -   PERSONA HPW-230JC
               -   PERSONA HPW-650PA (serial console only)

     Supported WindowsCE devices

           o   CPUs
               -   SH-3 SH7709
               -   SH-3 SH7709R
               -   SH-3 SH7709A
               -   SH-4 SH7750V

           o   RAM requirements
               -   8 MB of RAM is required to run NetBSD/hpcsh.
                   4 MB is insufficient for most purposes.

           o   Console devices
               -   built-in LCD screen
               -   built-in keyboard
               -   serial port (with boot option `h')

           o   Storage devices
               -   Flash ATA card, CF card (wd)
               -   Adaptec APA-1460[Slim SCSI](aic)

           o   Network interfaces
               -   MB8696x based Ethernet (mbe)
               -   NE2000-compatible Ethernet (ne)

           o   Input devices
               -   Keyboard.

           o   Miscellaneous
               -   Battery-backed real-time clock.

   Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media
     Installation is supported from several media types, includ-
     ing:

           o   CD-ROM / DVD / USB-stick
           o   FTP
           o   Remote NFS partition
           o   Tape
           o   Existing NetBSD partitions, if performing an
               upgrade

     The steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for
     installation depend upon which installation medium you
     choose.  The steps for the various media are outlined below.

     CD-ROM / DVD / USB-stick  Find out where the distribution
                               set files are on the CD-ROM, DVD
                               or USB stick.  Likely locations
                               are binary/sets and
                               hpcsh/binary/sets.  (You only need
                               to know this if you are mixing
                               installer and installation media
                               from different versions - the
                               installer will know the proper
                               default location for the sets it
                               comes with).

                               Proceed to the instructions on
                               installation.

     FTP                       The preparations for this instal-
                               lation/upgrade method are easy;
                               all you need to do is make sure
                               that there's an FTP site from
                               which you can retrieve the NetBSD
                               distribution when you're about to
                               install or upgrade.  If you don't
                               have DHCP available on your net-
                               work, you will need to know the
                               numeric IP address of that site,
                               and, if it's not on a network
                               directly connected to the machine
                               on which you're installing or
                               upgrading NetBSD, you need to know
                               the numeric IP address of the
                               router closest to the NetBSD
                               machine.  Finally, you need to
                               know the numeric IP address of the
                               NetBSD machine itself.

                               Once you have this information,
                               you can proceed to the next step
                               in the installation or upgrade
                               process.  If you're installing
                               NetBSD from scratch, go to the
                               section on preparing your hard
                               disk, below.  If you're upgrading
                               an existing installation, go
                               directly to the section on upgrad-
                               ing.

     NFS                       Place the NetBSD distribution sets
                               you wish to install into a direc-
                               tory on an NFS server, and make
                               that directory mountable by the
                               machine on which you are
                               installing or upgrading NetBSD.
                               This will probably require modify-
                               ing the /etc/exports file on the
                               NFS server and resetting its mount
                               daemon (mountd).  (Both of these
                               actions will probably require
                               superuser privileges on the
                               server.)

                               You need to know the numeric IP
                               address of the NFS server, and, if
                               you don't have DHCP available on
                               your network and the server is not
                               on a network directly connected to
                               the machine on which you're
                               installing or upgrading NetBSD,
                               you need to know the numeric IP
                               address of the router closest to
                               the NetBSD machine.  Finally, you
                               need to know the numeric IP
                               address of the NetBSD machine
                               itself.

                               Once the NFS server is set up
                               properly and you have the informa-
                               tion mentioned above, you can pro-
                               ceed to the next step in the
                               installation or upgrade process.
                               If you're installing NetBSD from
                               scratch, go to the section on pre-
                               paring your hard disk, below.  If
                               you're upgrading an existing
                               installation, go directly to the
                               section on upgrading.

     Tape                      To install NetBSD from a tape, you
                               need to make a tape that contains
                               the distribution set files, in
                               `tar' format.

                               If you're making the tape on a
                               UNIX-like system, the easiest way
                               to do so is probably something
                               like:

                                     # tar -cf tape_device
                                     dist_sets

                               where tape_device is the name of
                               the tape device that represents
                               the tape drive you're using.  This
                               might be /dev/rst0, or something
                               similar, but it will vary from
                               system to system.  In the above
                               example, dist_sets is a list of
                               filenames corresponding to the
                               distribution sets that you wish to
                               place on the tape.  For instance,
                               to put the kern-GENERIC, base, and
                               etc distributions on tape (the
                               absolute minimum required for
                               installation), you would do the
                               following:

                                     # cd .../NetBSD-8.3
                                     # cd hpcsh/binary
                                     # tar -cf tape_device
                                     kern-GENERIC.tgz base.tgz
                                     etc.tgz

                               Note:  You still need to fill in
                                      tape_device in the example.

                               Once you have the files on the
                               tape, you can proceed to the next
                               step in the installation or
                               upgrade process.  If you're
                               installing NetBSD from scratch, go
                               to the section on preparing your
                               hard disk, below.  If you're
                               upgrading an existing installa-
                               tion, go directly to the section
                               on upgrading.

   Preparing your System for NetBSD installation
     First and foremost, before beginning the installation
     process, make sure you have a reliable backup of any data on
     your Windows CE memory and settings that you wish to keep.
     Sadly, there is no freely available program to accomplish
     this task, so you must use ActiveSync or another commer-
     cially available program to backup your Windows CE machine
     before installing NetBSD/hpcsh.

   Installing the NetBSD System
     To start installation, you have to put ``netbsd'' kernel
     prepared in installation directory into some folder on
     Windows CE and boot it using bootloader (hpcboot-sh3.exe or
     hpcboot-sh4.exe).  On hpcboot window, you have to specify a
     folder name your kernel is stored, your kernel name, and
     your machine type.  You can also specify some options for
     debug.

     Once the installation kernel is loaded by hpcboot properly,
     sysinst will automatically start.

     The NetBSD/hpcsh kernel and system install consume about 7
     MB of memory.  Please configure the Windows CE memory set-
     ting to allow this amount of memory to be used.  If boot-
     loader failed with a ``cannot allocate heap'' error, config-
     ure more RAM for memory and less for disk with the dialog at
     [Setting]->[ControlPanel]->[System]->[Memory] under Windows
     CE.

     Running the sysinst installation program

     1.   Introduction

          Using sysinst, installing NetBSD is a relatively easy
          process.  Still, you should read this document and have
          it available during the installation process.  This
          document tries to be a good guide to the installation,
          and as such, covers many details for the sake of com-
          pleteness.  Do not let this discourage you; the install
          program is not hard to use.

     2.   Possible hardware problems

          Should you encounter hardware problems during installa-
          tion, try rebooting after unplugging removable devices
          you don't need for installation.  Non-removable devices
          can be disabled with userconf (use boot -c to enter
          it).

     3.   General

          The following is a walk-through of the steps you will
          take while installing NetBSD on your hard disk.
          sysinst is a menu driven program that guides you
          through the installation process.  Sometimes questions
          will be asked, and in many cases the default answer
          will be displayed in brackets (``[ ]'') after the ques-
          tion.  If you wish to stop the installation, you may
          press CONTROL-C at any time, but if you do, you'll have
          to begin the installation process again from scratch by
          running the /sysinst program from the command prompt.
          It is not necessary to reboot.

     4.   Quick install

          First, let's describe a quick install.  The other sec-
          tions of this document go into the installation proce-
          dure in more detail, but you may find that you do not
          need this.  If you want detailed instructions, skip to
          the next section.  This section describes a basic
          installation, using a CD / DVD as the install media.

          o   What you need.

              -   The distribution sets (in this example, they
                  are on the CD or DVD).

              -   One 1.44 MB 3.5" floppy.

              -   A minimum of of memory installed.

              -   An optical drive.

              -   A hard drive with at least 500 MB of free space
                  for a complete base install, not including room
                  for swap.  If you wish to install the X Window
                  System as well, you will need at least 225 MB
                  more.

          o   The Quick Installation

              -   Insert the first boot floppy you just created
                  and boot the computer.  After language selec-
                  tion, the main menu will be displayed.

                          .***********************************************.
                          * NetBSD-8.3 Install System                     *
                          *                                               *
                          *>a: Install NetBSD to hard disk                *
                          * b: Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk              *
                          * c: Re-install sets or install additional sets *
                          * d: Reboot the computer                        *
                          * e: Utility menu                               *
                          * f: Config menu                                *
                          * x: Exit Install System                        *
                          .***********************************************.

              -   If you wish, you can configure some network
                  settings immediately by choosing the Utility
                  menu and then Configure network.  It isn't
                  actually required at this point, but it may be
                  more convenient.  Go back to the main menu.

              -   Choose Install.

              -   You will be guided through the setup of your
                  disk.

              -   You will be asked to choose which distribution
                  sets to install.

              -   When prompted, choose CD-ROM as the install
                  medium if booted from CD-ROM.  The default val-
                  ues for the path and device should be ok.

              -   After the installation process has completed,
                  you will be brought back to the main menu,
                  where you should select Reboot, after you have
                  removed the bootfloppy from the drive.

              -   NetBSD will now boot.  If you didn't set a
                  password for the root user when prompted by
                  sysinst, logging in as root and setting a pass-
                  word should be your first task.  You are also
                  advised to read afterboot(8).

     5.   Booting NetBSD

          Boot your machine.  The boot loader will start, which
          will print a countdown and begin booting.

          If the boot loader messages do not appear in a reason-
          able amount of time, you either have a bad boot floppy
          or a hardware problem.  Try writing the install floppy
          image to a different disk, and using that.

          It will take a while to load the kernel from the
          floppy, probably around a minute or so, then, the ker-
          nel boot messages will be displayed.  This may take a
          little while also, as NetBSD will be probing your sys-
          tem to discover which hardware devices are installed.
          The most important thing to know is that wd0 is
          NetBSD's name for your first SATA/PATA disk, wd1 the
          second, etc.  sd0 is your first SCSI disk, sd1 the sec-
          ond, etc.

          Note that once the system has finished booting, you
          need not leave the floppy in the disk drive.

          Once NetBSD has booted and printed all the boot mes-
          sages, you will be presented with a welcome message and
          a main menu.  It will also include instructions for
          using the menus.

     6.   Network configuration

          If you do not intend to use networking during the
          installation, but you do want your machine to be con-
          figured for networking once it is installed, you should
          first go to the Utility menu and select the Configure
          network option.  If you only want to temporarily use
          networking during the installation, you can specify
          these parameters later.  If you are not using the
          Domain Name System (DNS), you can give an empty
          response when asked to provide a server.

     7.   Installation drive selection and parameters

          To start the installation, select Install NetBSD to
          hard disk from the main menu.

          The first thing is to identify the disk on which you
          want to install NetBSD.  sysinst will report a list of
          disks it finds and ask you for your selection.  You
          should see disk names like sd0 or sd1.

     8.   Selecting which sets to install

          The next step is to choose which distribution sets you
          wish to install.  Options are provided for full, mini-
          mal, and custom installations.  If you choose sets on
          your own, base, etc, and a kernel must be selected.

     9.   Partitioning the disk

          o   Choosing which portion of the disk to use.

              You will be asked if you want to use the entire
              disk or only part of the disk.  If you decide to
              use the entire disk for NetBSD, sysinst will check
              for the presence of other operating systems and you
              will be asked to confirm that you want to overwrite
              these.

     10.  Editing the NetBSD disklabel

          The partition table of the NetBSD part of a disk is
          called a disklabel.  If your disk already has a diskla-
          bel written to it, you can choose Use existing
          partition sizes.  Otherwise, select Set sizes of NetBSD
          partitions.

          After you have chosen your partitions and their sizes
          (or if you opted to use the existing partitions), you
          will be presented with the layout of the NetBSD diskla-
          bel and given one more chance to change it.  For each
          partition, you can set the type, offset and size, block
          and fragment size, and the mount point.  The type that
          NetBSD uses for normal file storage is called 4.2BSD.
          A swap partition has a special type called swap.  Some
          partitions in the disklabel have a fixed purpose.

                a       Root partition (/)

                b       Swap partition.

                c       The NetBSD portion of the disk.

                d       The entire disk.

                e-h     Available for other use.  Traditionally,
                        e is the partition mounted on /usr, but
                        this is historical practice and not a
                        fixed value.

          You will then be asked to name your disk's disklabel.
          The default response will be ok for most purposes.  If
          you choose to name it something different, make sure
          the name is a single word and contains no special char-
          acters.  You don't need to remember this name.

     11.  Preparing your hard disk

          You are now at the point of no return.  Nothing has
          been written to your disk yet, but if you confirm that
          you want to install NetBSD, your hard drive will be
          modified.  If you are sure you want to proceed, select
          yes.

          The install program will now label your disk and create
          the file systems you specified.  The file systems will
          be initialized to contain NetBSD bootstrapping binaries
          and configuration files.  You will see messages on your
          screen from the various NetBSD disk preparation tools
          that are running.  There should be no errors in this
          section of the installation.  If there are, restart
          from the beginning of the installation process.  Other-
          wise, you can continue the installation program after
          pressing the return key.

     12.  Getting the distribution sets

          The NetBSD distribution consists of a number of sets
          that come in the form of gzipped tar files.  At this
          point, you will be presented with a menu which enables
          you to choose from one of the following methods of
          installing the sets.  Some of these methods will first
          transfer the sets to your hard disk, others will
          extract the sets directly.

          For all these methods, the first step is to make the
          sets available for extraction.  The sets can be made
          available in a few different ways.  The following sec-
          tions describe each of the methods.  After reading
          about the method you will be using, you can continue to
          the section labeled `Extracting the distribution sets'.

     13.  Installation from CD-ROM

          When installing from a CD-ROM, you will be asked to
          specify the device name for your CD-ROM drive (usually
          cd0) and the directory name on the CD-ROM where the
          distribution files are.

          sysinst will then check that the files are actually
          present in the specified location and proceed to the
          extraction of the sets.

     14.  Installation using FTP

          To install using ftp, you first need to configure your
          network setup if you haven't already done so.  sysinst
          will help you with this, asking if you want to use
          DHCP.  If you do not use DHCP, you can enter network
          configuration details yourself.  If you do not have DNS
          set up for the machine that you are installing on, you
          can just press RETURN in answer to this question, and
          DNS will not be used.

          You will also be asked to specify the host that you
          want to transfer the sets from, the directory on that
          host, the account name and password used to log into
          that host using ftp, and optionally a proxy server to
          use.  If you did not set up DNS, you will need to spec-
          ify an IP address instead of a hostname for the ftp
          server.

          sysinst will then transfer the set files from the
          remote site to your hard disk.

     15.  Installation using NFS

          To install using NFS, you first need to configure your
          network setup if you haven't already done so.  sysinst
          will do this for you, asking you if you want to use
          DHCP.  If you do not use DHCP, you can enter network
          configuration details yourself.  If you do not have DNS
          set up for the machine that you are installing on, you
          can just press RETURN in answer to this question, and
          DNS will not be used.

          You will also be asked to specify the host that you
          want to transfer the sets from and the directory on
          that host that the files are in.  This directory should
          be mountable by the machine you are installing on,
          i.e., correctly exported to your machine.

          If you did not set up DNS, you will need to specify an
          IP address instead of a hostname for the NFS server.

     16.  Installation from an unmounted file system

          In order to install from a local file system, you will
          need to specify the device that the file system resides
          on (for example wd1e), the type of the file system, and
          the directory on the specified file system where the
          sets are located.  sysinst will then check if it can
          indeed access the sets at that location.

     17.  Installation from a local directory

          This option assumes that you have already done some
          preparation yourself.  The sets should be located in a
          directory on a file system that is already accessible.
          sysinst will ask you for the name of this directory.

     18.  Extracting the distribution sets

          A progress bar will be displayed while the distribution
          sets are being extracted.

          After all the files have been extracted, the device
          node files will be created.  If you have already con-
          figured networking, you will be asked if you want to
          use this configuration for normal operation.  If so,
          these values will be installed in the network configu-
          ration files.

     19.  Configure additional items

          The next menu will allow you to select a number of
          additional items to configure, including the time zone
          that you're in, to make sure your clock has the right
          offset from UTC, the root user's shell, and the initial
          root password.

          You can also enable installation of binary packages,
          which installs the pkgin(1) tool for managing binary
          packages for third-party software.  This will feel
          familiar to users of package tools such as apt-get or
          yum.  If you prefer to install third-party software
          from source, you can install the pkgsrc(7) tree.

          Finally, you can enable some daemons such as sshd(8),
          ntpd(8), or mdnsd(8).

     20.  Finalizing your installation

          Congratulations, you have successfully installed NetBSD
          8.3.  You can now reboot the machine and boot NetBSD
          from hard disk.

   Post installation steps
     Once you've got the operating system running, there are a
     few things you need to do in order to bring the system into
     a properly configured state.  The most important steps are
     described below.

     1.   Before all else, read postinstall(8).

     2.   Configuring /etc/rc.conf

          If you or the installation software haven't done any
          configuration of /etc/rc.conf (sysinst normally will),
          the system will drop you into single user mode on first
          reboot with the message

                /etc/rc.conf is not configured. Multiuser boot
                aborted.

          and with the root file system (/) mounted read-only.
          When the system asks you to choose a shell, simply
          press RETURN to get to a /bin/sh prompt.  If you are
          asked for a terminal type, respond with vt220 (or what-
          ever is appropriate for your terminal type) and press
          RETURN.  You may need to type one of the following com-
          mands to get your delete key to work properly, depend-
          ing on your keyboard:
                # stty erase '^h'
                # stty erase '^?'
          At this point, you need to configure at least one file
          in the /etc directory.  You will need to mount your
          root file system read/write with:
                # /sbin/mount -u -w /
          Change to the /etc directory and take a look at the
          /etc/rc.conf file.  Modify it to your tastes, making
          sure that you set rc_configured=YES so that your
          changes will be enabled and a multi-user boot can pro-
          ceed.  Default values for the various programs can be
          found in /etc/defaults/rc.conf, where some in-line doc-
          umentation may be found.  More complete documentation
          can be found in rc.conf(5).

          When you have finished editing /etc/rc.conf, type exit
          at the prompt to leave the single-user shell and con-
          tinue with the multi-user boot.

          Other values that may need to be set in /etc/rc.conf
          for a networked environment are hostname and possibly
          defaultroute.  You may also need to add an ifconfig_int
          for your <int> network interface, along the lines of

                ifconfig_ne0="inet 192.0.2.123 netmask
                255.255.255.0"

          or, if you have myname.my.dom in /etc/hosts:

                ifconfig_ne0="inet myname.my.dom netmask
                255.255.255.0"

          To enable proper hostname resolution, you will also
          want to add an /etc/resolv.conf file or (if you are
          feeling a little more adventurous) run named(8).  See
          resolv.conf(5) or named(8) for more information.

          Instead of manually configuring networking, DHCP can be
          used by setting dhcpcd=YES in /etc/rc.conf.

     3.   Logging in

          After reboot, you can log in as root at the login
          prompt.  If you didn't set a password in sysinst, there
          is no initial password.  You should create an account
          for yourself (see below) and protect it and the
          ``root'' account with good passwords.  By default, root
          login from the network is disabled (even via ssh(1)).
          One way to become root over the network is to log in as
          a different user that belongs to group ``wheel'' (see
          group(5)) and use su(1) to become root.

     4.   Adding accounts

          Use the useradd(8) command to add accounts to your sys-
          tem.  Do not edit /etc/passwd directly! See vipw(8) and
          pwd_mkdb(8) if you want to edit the password database.

     5.   The X Window System

          If you installed the X Window System, you may want to
          read the chapter about X in the NetBSD Guide:
                http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-x.html

     6.   Installing third party packages

          If you wish to install any of the software freely
          available for UNIX-like systems you are strongly
          advised to first check the NetBSD package system,
          pkgsrc.  pkgsrc automatically handles any changes nec-
          essary to make the software run on NetBSD.  This
          includes the retrieval and installation of any other
          packages the software may depend upon.

          o   More information on the package system is available
              at
                    http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/software/packages.html

          o   A list of available packages suitable for browsing
              is at
                    ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/pkgsrc/current/pkgsrc/README.html

          o   Precompiled binaries can be found at
                    ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/
              usually in the hpcsh/8.3/All subdir.  If you
              installed pkgin(1) in the sysinst post-installation
              configuration menu, you can use it to automatically
              install binary packages over the network.  Assuming
              that /usr/pkg/etc/pkgin/repositories.conf is cor-
              rectly configured, you can install them with the
              following commands:

              # pkgin install tcsh
              # pkgin install bash
              # pkgin install perl
              # pkgin install apache
              # pkgin install kde
              # pkgin install firefox
              ...

              Note:  Some mirror sites don't mirror the
                     /pub/pkgsrc directory.

              The above commands will install the Tenex-csh and
              Bourne Again shells, the Perl programming language,
              Apache web server, KDE desktop environment and the
              Firefox web browser as well as all the packages
              they depend on.

          o   If you did not install it from the sysinst post-
              installation configuration menu, the pkgsrc(7)
              framework for compiling packages can be obtained by
              retrieving the file
                    ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/pkgsrc/pkgsrc.tar.gz
              It is typically extracted into /usr/pkgsrc (though
              other locations work fine) with the commands:

                    # cd /usr
                    # tar -zxpf pkgsrc.tar.gz

              After extracting, see the doc/pkgsrc.txt file in
              the extraction directory (e.g.,
              /usr/pkgsrc/doc/pkgsrc.txt) for more information.

     7.   Misc

          o   Edit /etc/mail/aliases to forward root mail to the
              right place.  Don't forget to run newaliases(1)
              afterwards.

          o   Edit /etc/rc.local to run any local daemons you
              use.

          o   Many of the /etc files are documented in section 5
              of the manual; so just invoking

                    # man 5 filename

              is likely to give you more information on these
              files.

   Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System
     The easiest way to upgrade to NetBSD 8.3 is with binaries,
     and that is the method documented here.

     To do the upgrade, you must have one form of boot media
     available.  You must also have at least the base and kern
     binary distribution sets available.  Finally, you must have
     sufficient disk space available to install the new binaries.
     Since files already installed on the system are overwritten
     in place, you only need additional free space for files
     which weren't previously installed or to account for growth
     of the sets between releases.

     Since upgrading involves replacing the kernel, boot blocks,
     and most of the system binaries, it has the potential to
     cause data loss.  You are strongly advised to back up any
     important data on the NetBSD partition or on another operat-
     ing system's partition on your disk before beginning the
     upgrade process.

     The upgrade procedure is similar to an installation, but
     without the hard disk partitioning.

     Fetching the binary sets is done in the same manner as the
     installation procedure; refer to the installation part of
     the document for help.  File systems are checked before
     unpacking the sets.

     After a new kernel has been copied to your hard disk, your
     machine is a complete NetBSD 8.3 system.  However, that
     doesn't mean that you're finished with the upgrade process.
     You will probably want to update the set of device nodes you
     have in /dev.  If you've changed the contents of /dev by
     hand, you will need to be careful about this, but if not,
     you can just cd into /dev, and run the command:

           # sh MAKEDEV all

     sysinst will attempt to merge the settings stored in your
     /etc directory with the new version of NetBSD using the
     postinstall(8) utility.  However, postinstall(8) is only
     able to deal with changes that are easily automated.  It is
     recommended that you use the etcupdate(8) tool to merge any
     remaining configuration changes.

   Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases
     Users upgrading from previous versions of NetBSD may wish to
     bear the following problems and compatibility issues in mind
     when upgrading to NetBSD 8.3.

     Note that sysinst will automatically invoke

           postinstall fix
     and thus all issues that are fixed by postinstall by default
     will be handled.

     Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 5.x releases

     See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 6.x and 7.x
     as well.

     The following users need to be created:
           o   _mdnsd
           o   _tests
           o   _tcpdump
           o   _tss

     The following groups need to be created:
           o   _mdnsd
           o   _tests
           o   _tcpdump
           o   _tss

     The implementation of SHA2-HMAC in KAME_IPSEC as used in
     NetBSD 5.0 and before did not comply with current standards.
     FAST_IPSEC does, with the result that old and new systems
     cannot communicate over IPSEC if one of the affected authen-
     tication algorithms (hmac_sha256, hmac_sha384, hmac_sha512)
     is used.

     Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 6.x releases

     See the section on upgrading from NetBSD 7.x as well

     The following user needs to be created:
           o   _rtadvd

     The following groups need to be created:
           o   _gpio
           o   _rtadvd

     Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 7.x releases

     The following user needs to be created:
           o   _unbound
           o   _nsd

     The following groups need to be created:
           o   _unbound
           o   _nsd

   Using online NetBSD documentation
     Documentation is available if you installed the manual dis-
     tribution set.  Traditionally, the ``man pages'' (documenta-
     tion) are denoted by `name(section)'.  Some examples of this
     are

           o   intro(1),
           o   man(1),
           o   apropos(1),
           o   passwd(1), and
           o   passwd(5).

     The section numbers group the topics into several cate-
     gories, but three are of primary interest: user commands are
     in section 1, file formats are in section 5, and administra-
     tive information is in section 8.

     The man command is used to view the documentation on a
     topic, and is started by entering man [section] topic.  The
     brackets [] around the section should not be entered, but
     rather indicate that the section is optional.  If you don't
     ask for a particular section, the topic with the lowest num-
     bered section name will be displayed.  For instance, after
     logging in, enter

           # man passwd

     to read the documentation for passwd(1).  To view the docu-
     mentation for passwd(5), enter

           # man 5 passwd

     instead.

     If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for,
     enter

           # apropos subject-word

     where subject-word is your topic of interest; a list of pos-
     sibly related man pages will be displayed.

   Administrivia
     If you've got something to say, do so!  We'd like your
     input.  There are various mailing lists available via the
     mailing list server at majordomo@NetBSD.org.  See
           http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/
     for details.

     There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments
     and questions about this release.  Please send comments to:
     netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org.

     To report bugs, use the send-pr(1) command shipped with
     NetBSD, and fill in as much information about the problem as
     you can.  Good bug reports include lots of details.

     Bugs also can be submitted and queried with the web inter-
     face at
           http://www.NetBSD.org/support/send-pr.html

     There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss
     aspects of each port of NetBSD.  Use majordomo to find their
     addresses, or visit
           http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/

     If you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a
     specific port, you probably should contact the `owner' of
     that port (listed below).

     If you'd like to help with NetBSD, and have an idea as to
     how you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to:
     netbsd-users@NetBSD.org.

     As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to
     these mailing lists.  Instead, put the material you would
     have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, then mail the appro-
     priate list about it.  If you'd rather not do that, mail the
     list saying you'll send the data to those who want it.

   Thanks go to
     o   The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research
         Group, including (but not limited to):

               Keith Bostic
               Ralph Campbell
               Mike Karels
               Marshall Kirk McKusick

         for their work on BSD systems, support, and encourage-
         ment.

     o   The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the
         NetBSD FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS,
         SUP, Rsync and WWW servers.

     o   The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the
         server which runs the CVSweb interface to the NetBSD
         source tree.

     o   The Columbia University Computer Science Department for
         hosting the build cluster.

     o   The many organizations that provide NetBSD mirror sites.

     o   Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage,
         so our hats go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the
         various other people who've had a hand in making CVS a
         useful tool.

     o   We list the individuals and organizations that have made
         donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support
         NetBSD development, and deserve credit for it at
               http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/
         (If you're not on that list and should be, tell us!  We
         probably were not able to get in touch with you, to ver-
         ify that you wanted to be listed.)

     o   Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and
         tears into developing NetBSD since its inception in Jan-
         uary, 1993.  (Obviously, there are a lot more people who
         deserve thanks here.  If you're one of them, and would
         like to be mentioned, tell us!)

   We are...
     (in alphabetical order)

     The NetBSD core group:

            Alistair Crooks             agc@NetBSD.org
            Matthew Green               mrg@NetBSD.org
            Martin Husemann             martin@NetBSD.org
            Chuck Silvers               chs@NetBSD.org
            Matt Thomas                 matt@NetBSD.org
            YAMAMOTO Takashi            yamt@NetBSD.org
            Christos Zoulas             christos@NetBSD.org

     The portmasters (and their ports):
            Reinoud
                                                                                 Zandijk             reinoud                  acorn32
            Matt
                                                                                 Thomas                 matt                     alpha
            Ignatios
                                                                                 Souvatzis          is                       amiga
            Ignatios
                                                                                 Souvatzis          is                       amigappc
            Noriyuki
                                                                                 Soda               soda                     arc
            Julian
                                                                                 Coleman              jdc                      atari
            Matthias
                                                                                 Drochner           drochner                 cesfic
            Erik
                                                                                 Berls                  cyber                    cobalt
            Antti
                                                                                 Kantee                pooka                    emips
            Simon
                                                                                 Burge                 simonb                   evbmips
            Steve
                                                                                 Woodford              scw                      evbppc
            Izumi
                                                                                 Tsutsui               tsutsui                  ews4800mips
            Izumi
                                                                                 Tsutsui               tsutsui                  hp300
            Nick
                                                                                 Hudson                 skrll                    hppa
            Valeriy E.
                                                                                 Ushakov          uwe                      hpcsh
            Matt
                                                                                 Thomas                 matt                     ibmnws
            Gavan
                                                                                 Fantom                gavan                    iyonix
            Valeriy E.
                                                                                 Ushakov          uwe                      landisk
            Izumi
                                                                                 Tsutsui               tsutsui                  luna68k
            Scott
                                                                                 Reynolds              scottr                   mac68k
            Michael
                                                                                 Lorenz              macallan                 macppc
            Steve
                                                                                 Woodford              scw                      mvme68k
            Steve
                                                                                 Woodford              scw                      mvmeppc
            Matt
                                                                                 Thomas                 matt                     netwinder
            Izumi
                                                                                 Tsutsui               tsutsui                  news68k
            Tim
                                                                                 Rightnour               garbled                  ofppc
            Simon
                                                                                 Burge                 simonb                   pmax
            Tim
                                                                                 Rightnour               garbled                  prep
            Tim
                                                                                 Rightnour               garbled                  rs6000
            Tohru
                                                                                 Nishimura             nisimura                 sandpoint
            Simon
                                                                                 Burge                 simonb                   sbmips
            Soren
                                                                                 Jorvang               soren                    sgimips
            SAITOH
                                                                                 Masanobu             msaitoh                  sh3
            Martin
                                                                                 Husemann             martin                   sparc64
            Anders
                                                                                 Magnusson            ragge                    vax
            NISHIMURA
                                                                                 Takeshi           nsmrtks                  x68k
            Manuel
                                                                                 Bouyer               bouyer                   xen

     The NetBSD 8.3 Release Engineering team:

            Stephen Borrill             sborrill@NetBSD.org
            Manuel Bouyer               bouyer@NetBSD.org
            David Brownlee              abs@NetBSD.org
            Julian Coleman              jdc@NetBSD.org
            Alistair G. Crooks          agc@NetBSD.org
            Havard Eidnes               he@NetBSD.org
            Martin Husemann             martin@NetBSD.org
            Soren Jacobsen              snj@NetBSD.org
            Phil Nelson                 phil@NetBSD.org
            Jeremy C. Reed              reed@NetBSD.org
            Jeff Rizzo                  riz@NetBSD.org
            SAITOH Masanobu             msaitoh@NetBSD.org

     NetBSD Developers:

            Hikaru Abe                  hikaru@NetBSD.org
            Nathan Ahlstrom             nra@NetBSD.org
            Steve Allen                 wormey@NetBSD.org
            Jukka Andberg               jandberg@NetBSD.org
            Julian Assange              proff@NetBSD.org
            Lennart Augustsson          augustss@NetBSD.org
            Zafer Aydogan               zafer@NetBSD.org
            Christoph Badura            bad@NetBSD.org
            Marc Balmer                 mbalmer@NetBSD.org
            Bang Jun-Young              junyoung@NetBSD.org
            Dieter Baron                dillo@NetBSD.org
            Robert V. Baron             rvb@NetBSD.org
            Alan Barrett                apb@NetBSD.org
            Grant Beattie               grant@NetBSD.org
            Erik Berls                  cyber@NetBSD.org
            Hiroyuki Bessho             bsh@NetBSD.org
            John Birrell                jb@NetBSD.org
            Rafal Boni                  rafal@NetBSD.org
            Stephen Borrill             sborrill@NetBSD.org
            Sean Boudreau               seanb@NetBSD.org
            Manuel Bouyer               bouyer@NetBSD.org
            Allen Briggs                briggs@NetBSD.org
            Mark Brinicombe             mark@NetBSD.org
            Aaron Brown                 abrown@NetBSD.org
            Andrew Brown                atatat@NetBSD.org
            David Brownlee              abs@NetBSD.org
            Jon Buller                  jonb@NetBSD.org
            Simon Burge                 simonb@NetBSD.org
            Robert Byrnes               byrnes@NetBSD.org
            Pavel Cahyna                pavel@NetBSD.org
            D'Arcy J.M. Cain            darcy@NetBSD.org
            Taylor R. Campbell          riastradh@NetBSD.org
            Daniel Carosone             dan@NetBSD.org
            Dave Carrel                 carrel@NetBSD.org
            James Chacon                jmc@NetBSD.org
            Mihai Chelaru               kefren@NetBSD.org
            Aleksey Cheusov             cheusov@NetBSD.org
            Bill Coldwell               billc@NetBSD.org
            Sean Cole                   scole@NetBSD.org
            Julian Coleman              jdc@NetBSD.org
            Marcus Comstedt             marcus@NetBSD.org
            Jeremy Cooper               jeremy@NetBSD.org
            Thomas Cort                 tcort@NetBSD.org
            Chuck Cranor                chuck@NetBSD.org
            Alistair Crooks             agc@NetBSD.org
            Masatake Daimon             pho@NetBSD.org
            Johan Danielsson            joda@NetBSD.org
            John Darrow                 jdarrow@NetBSD.org
            Jed Davis                   jld@NetBSD.org
            Matt DeBergalis             deberg@NetBSD.org
            Arnaud Degroote             degroote@NetBSD.org
            Felix Deichmann             flxd@NetBSD.org
            Rob Deker                   deker@NetBSD.org
            Chris G. Demetriou          cgd@NetBSD.org
            Tracy Di Marco White        gendalia@NetBSD.org
            Jaromir Dolecek             jdolecek@NetBSD.org
            Andy Doran                  ad@NetBSD.org
            Roland Dowdeswell           elric@NetBSD.org
            Steven Drake                sbd@NetBSD.org
            Emmanuel Dreyfus            manu@NetBSD.org
            Matthias Drochner           drochner@NetBSD.org
            Jun Ebihara                 jun@NetBSD.org
            Elad Efrat                  elad@NetBSD.org
            Havard Eidnes               he@NetBSD.org
            Jaime A Fournier            ober@NetBSD.org
            Stoned Elipot               seb@NetBSD.org
            Michael van Elst            mlelstv@NetBSD.org
            Robert Elz                  kre@NetBSD.org
            Enami Tsugutomo             enami@NetBSD.org
            Bernd Ernesti               veego@NetBSD.org
            Erik Fair                   fair@NetBSD.org
            Gavan Fantom                gavan@NetBSD.org
            Hauke Fath                  hauke@NetBSD.org
            Hubert Feyrer               hubertf@NetBSD.org
            Jason R. Fink               jrf@NetBSD.org
            Matt J. Fleming             mjf@NetBSD.org
            Marty Fouts                 marty@NetBSD.org
            Liam J. Foy                 liamjfoy@NetBSD.org
            Matt Fredette               fredette@NetBSD.org
            Thorsten Frueauf            frueauf@NetBSD.org
            Castor Fu                   castor@NetBSD.org
            Hisashi Todd Fujinaka       htodd@NetBSD.org
            Makoto Fujiwara             mef@NetBSD.org
            Ichiro Fukuhara             ichiro@NetBSD.org
            Quentin Garnier             cube@NetBSD.org
            Thomas Gerner               thomas@NetBSD.org
            Simon J. Gerraty            sjg@NetBSD.org
            Justin Gibbs                gibbs@NetBSD.org
            Chris Gilbert               chris@NetBSD.org
            Eric Gillespie              epg@NetBSD.org
            Brian Ginsbach              ginsbach@NetBSD.org
            Oliver V. Gould             ver@NetBSD.org
            Paul Goyette                pgoyette@NetBSD.org
            Michael Graff               explorer@NetBSD.org
            Matthew Green               mrg@NetBSD.org
            Andreas Gustafsson          gson@NetBSD.org
            Ulrich Habel                rhaen@NetBSD.org
            Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino    itojun@NetBSD.org
            HAMAJIMA Katsuomi           hamajima@NetBSD.org
            Adam Hamsik                 haad@NetBSD.org
            Juergen Hannken-Illjes      hannken@NetBSD.org
            Charles M. Hannum           mycroft@NetBSD.org
            Yorick Hardy                yhardy@NetBSD.org
            Ben Harris                  bjh21@NetBSD.org
            Kenichi Hashimoto           hkenken@NetBSD.org
            Eric Haszlakiewicz          erh@NetBSD.org
            John Hawkinson              jhawk@NetBSD.org
            Emile Heitor                imil@NetBSD.org
            John Heasley                heas@NetBSD.org
            Lars Heidieker              para@NetBSD.org
            Geert Hendrickx             ghen@NetBSD.org
            Wen Heping                  wen@NetBSD.org
            Rene Hexel                  rh@NetBSD.org
            Iain Hibbert                plunky@NetBSD.org
            Kouichirou Hiratsuka        hira@NetBSD.org
            Michael L. Hitch            mhitch@NetBSD.org
            Adam Hoka                   ahoka@NetBSD.org
            Jachym Holecek              freza@NetBSD.org
            David A. Holland            dholland@NetBSD.org
            Christian E. Hopps          chopps@NetBSD.org
            Daniel Horecki              morr@NetBSD.org
            Ken Hornstein               kenh@NetBSD.org
            Marc Horowitz               marc@NetBSD.org
            Eduardo Horvath             eeh@NetBSD.org
            Nick Hudson                 skrll@NetBSD.org
            Shell Hung                  shell@NetBSD.org
            Darran Hunt                 darran@NetBSD.org
            Martin Husemann             martin@NetBSD.org
            Dean Huxley                 dean@NetBSD.org
            Love Hoernquist Astrand     lha@NetBSD.org
            Roland Illig                rillig@NetBSD.org
            Bernardo Innocenti          bernie@NetBSD.org
            Tetsuya Isaki               isaki@NetBSD.org
            ITOH Yasufumi               itohy@NetBSD.org
            IWAMOTO Toshihiro           toshii@NetBSD.org
            Matthew Jacob               mjacob@NetBSD.org
            Soren Jacobsen              snj@NetBSD.org
            Sevan Janiyan               sevan@NetBSD.org
            Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj         lonhyn@NetBSD.org
            Darrin Jewell               dbj@NetBSD.org
            Nicolas Joly                njoly@NetBSD.org
            Soren Jorvang               soren@NetBSD.org
            Takahiro Kambe              taca@NetBSD.org
            Antti Kantee                pooka@NetBSD.org
            Frank Kardel                kardel@NetBSD.org
            KAWAMOTO Yosihisa           kawamoto@NetBSD.org
            Min Sik Kim                 minskim@NetBSD.org
            KIYOHARA Takashi            kiyohara@NetBSD.org
            Thomas Klausner             wiz@NetBSD.org
            Klaus Klein                 kleink@NetBSD.org
            John Klos                   jklos@NetBSD.org
            Wayne Knowles               wdk@NetBSD.org
            Takayoshi Kochi             kochi@NetBSD.org
            Mateusz Kocielski           shm@NetBSD.org
            Jonathan A. Kollasch        jakllsch@NetBSD.org
            Joseph Koshy                jkoshy@NetBSD.org
            Radoslaw Kujawa             rkujawa@NetBSD.org
            Jochen Kunz                 jkunz@NetBSD.org
            Martti Kuparinen            martti@NetBSD.org
            Arnaud Lacombe              alc@NetBSD.org
            Kevin Lahey                 kml@NetBSD.org
            David Laight                dsl@NetBSD.org
            Johnny C. Lam               jlam@NetBSD.org
            Guillaume Lasmayous         gls@NetBSD.org
            Martin J. Laubach           mjl@NetBSD.org
            Greg Lehey                  grog@NetBSD.org
            Ted Lemon                   mellon@NetBSD.org
            Christian Limpach           cl@NetBSD.org
            Frank van der Linden        fvdl@NetBSD.org
            Joel Lindholm               joel@NetBSD.org
            Tonnerre Lombard            tonnerre@NetBSD.org
            Mike Long                   mikel@NetBSD.org
            Sergio Lopez                slp@NetBSD.org
            Michael Lorenz              macallan@NetBSD.org
            Warner Losh                 imp@NetBSD.org
            Tomasz Luchowski            zuntum@NetBSD.org
            Federico Lupi               federico@NetBSD.org
            Palle Lyckegaard            palle@NetBSD.org
            Brett Lymn                  blymn@NetBSD.org
            MAEKAWA Masahide            gehenna@NetBSD.org
            Anders Magnusson            ragge@NetBSD.org
            Anthony Mallet              tho@NetBSD.org
            John Marino                 marino@NetBSD.org
            Roy Marples                 roy@NetBSD.org
            Pedro Martelletto           pedro@NetBSD.org
            Cherry G. Mathew            cherry@NetBSD.org
            David Maxwell               david@NetBSD.org
            Gregory McGarry             gmcgarry@NetBSD.org
            Dan McMahill                dmcmahill@NetBSD.org
            Jared D. McNeill            jmcneill@NetBSD.org
            Neil J. McRae               neil@NetBSD.org
            Julio M. Merino Vidal       jmmv@NetBSD.org
            Perry Metzger               perry@NetBSD.org
            Luke Mewburn                lukem@NetBSD.org
            Jean-Yves Migeon            jym@NetBSD.org
            Brook Milligan              brook@NetBSD.org
            Minoura Makoto              minoura@NetBSD.org
            Simas Mockevicius           symka@NetBSD.org
            Ryosuke Moro                szptvlfn@NetBSD.org
            der Mouse                   mouse@NetBSD.org
            Youri Mouton                youri@NetBSD.org
            Constantine A. Murenin      cnst@NetBSD.org
            Joseph Myers                jsm@NetBSD.org
            Tuomo Maekinen              tjam@NetBSD.org
            Zoltan Arnold NAGY          zoltan@NetBSD.org
            Kengo NAKAHARA              knakahara@NetBSD.org
            Ken Nakata                  kenn@NetBSD.org
            Takeshi Nakayama            nakayama@NetBSD.org
            Alexander Nasonov           alnsn@NetBSD.org
            Phil Nelson                 phil@NetBSD.org
            John Nemeth                 jnemeth@NetBSD.org
            Lourival Pereira Vieira
                                                                                 Neto                         lneto@NetBSD.org
            NISHIMURA Takeshi           nsmrtks@NetBSD.org
            Tohru Nishimura             nisimura@NetBSD.org
            NONAKA Kimihiro             nonaka@NetBSD.org
            Takehiko NOZAKI             tnozaki@NetBSD.org
            Tobias Nygren               tnn@NetBSD.org
            OBATA Akio                  obache@NetBSD.org
            Jesse Off                   joff@NetBSD.org
            Tatoku Ogaito               tacha@NetBSD.org
            OKANO Takayoshi             kano@NetBSD.org
            Masaru Oki                  oki@NetBSD.org
            Rin Okuyama                 rin@NetBSD.org
            Ryo ONODERA                 ryoon@NetBSD.org
            Atsushi Onoe                onoe@NetBSD.org
            Greg Oster                  oster@NetBSD.org
            Ryota Ozaki                 ozaki-r@NetBSD.org
            Jonathan Perkin             sketch@NetBSD.org
            Fredrik Pettai              pettai@NetBSD.org
            Herb Peyerl                 hpeyerl@NetBSD.org
            Matthias Pfaller            matthias@NetBSD.org
            Chris Pinnock               cjep@NetBSD.org
            Adrian Portelli             adrianp@NetBSD.org
            Pierre Pronchery            khorben@NetBSD.org
            Chris Provenzano            proven@NetBSD.org
            Maya Rashish                maya@NetBSD.org
            Mindaugas Rasiukevicius     rmind@NetBSD.org
            Nils Ratusznik              nils@NetBSD.org
            Michael Rauch               mrauch@NetBSD.org
            Marc Recht                  recht@NetBSD.org
            Darren Reed                 darrenr@NetBSD.org
            Jeremy C. Reed              reed@NetBSD.org
            Jens Rehsack                sno@NetBSD.org
            Antoine Reilles             tonio@NetBSD.org
            Tyler R. Retzlaff           rtr@NetBSD.org
            Scott Reynolds              scottr@NetBSD.org
            Tim Rightnour               garbled@NetBSD.org
            Jeff Rizzo                  riz@NetBSD.org
            Hans Rosenfeld              hans@NetBSD.org
            Steve Rumble                rumble@NetBSD.org
            Rumko                       rumko@NetBSD.org
            Jukka Ruohonen              jruoho@NetBSD.org
            Kamil Rytarowski            kamil@NetBSD.org
            Blair J. Sadewitz           bjs@NetBSD.org
            David Sainty                dsainty@NetBSD.org
            SAITOH Masanobu             msaitoh@NetBSD.org
            Kazuki Sakamoto             sakamoto@NetBSD.org
            Guilherme Salazar           salazar@NetBSD.org
            Curt Sampson                cjs@NetBSD.org
            Wilfredo Sanchez            wsanchez@NetBSD.org
            Ty Sarna                    tsarna@NetBSD.org
            SATO Kazumi                 sato@NetBSD.org
            Jan Schaumann               jschauma@NetBSD.org
            Matthias Scheler            tron@NetBSD.org
            Silke Scheler               silke@NetBSD.org
            Karl Schilke (rAT)          rat@NetBSD.org
            Amitai Schlair              schmonz@NetBSD.org
            Konrad Schroder             perseant@NetBSD.org
            Georg Schwarz               schwarz@NetBSD.org
            Lubomir Sedlacik            salo@NetBSD.org
            Christopher SEKIYA          sekiya@NetBSD.org
            Reed Shadgett               dent@NetBSD.org
            John Shannon                shannonjr@NetBSD.org
            Tim Shepard                 shep@NetBSD.org
            Naoto Shimazaki             igy@NetBSD.org
            Ryo Shimizu                 ryo@NetBSD.org
            Takao Shinohara             shin@NetBSD.org
            Takuya SHIOZAKI             tshiozak@NetBSD.org
            Daniel Sieger               dsieger@NetBSD.org
            Chuck Silvers               chs@NetBSD.org
            Thor Lancelot Simon         tls@NetBSD.org
            Nathanial Sloss             nat@NetBSD.org
            Jeff Smith                  jeffs@NetBSD.org
            Noriyuki Soda               soda@NetBSD.org
            Wolfgang Solfrank           ws@NetBSD.org
            Joerg Sonnenberger          joerg@NetBSD.org
            Ignatios Souvatzis          is@NetBSD.org
            T K Spindler                dogcow@NetBSD.org
            Matthew Sporleder           mspo@NetBSD.org
            Bill Squier                 groo@NetBSD.org
            Adrian Steinmann            ast@NetBSD.org
            Bill Studenmund             wrstuden@NetBSD.org
            Hiroki Suenaga              hsuenaga@NetBSD.org
            Kevin Sullivan              sullivan@NetBSD.org
            Kimmo Suominen              kim@NetBSD.org
            Gregoire Sutre              gsutre@NetBSD.org
            Sergey Svishchev            shattered@NetBSD.org
            Robert Swindells            rjs@NetBSD.org
            Leonardo Taccari            leot@NetBSD.org
            Shin Takemura               takemura@NetBSD.org
            TAMURA Kent                 kent@NetBSD.org
            Shin'ichiro TAYA            taya@NetBSD.org
            Hasso Tepper                hasso@NetBSD.org
            Matt Thomas                 matt@NetBSD.org
            Jason Thorpe                thorpej@NetBSD.org
            Hiroshi Tokuda              hiroshi@NetBSD.org
            Christoph Toshok            toshok@NetBSD.org
            Tamas Toth                  ttoth@NetBSD.org
            Greg Troxel                 gdt@NetBSD.org
            Tsubai Masanari             tsubai@NetBSD.org
            Izumi Tsutsui               tsutsui@NetBSD.org
            UCHIYAMA Yasushi            uch@NetBSD.org
            Masao Uebayashi             uebayasi@NetBSD.org
            Shuichiro URATA             ur@NetBSD.org
            Valeriy E. Ushakov          uwe@NetBSD.org
            Todd Vierling               tv@NetBSD.org
            Maxime Villard              maxv@NetBSD.org
            Aymeric Vincent             aymeric@NetBSD.org
            Paul Vixie                  vixie@NetBSD.org
            Mike M. Volokhov            mishka@NetBSD.org
            Krister Walfridsson         kristerw@NetBSD.org
            Mark Weinem                 weinem@NetBSD.org
            Lex Wennmacher              wennmach@NetBSD.org
            Leo Weppelman               leo@NetBSD.org
            Assar Westerlund            assar@NetBSD.org
            Sebastian Wiedenroth        wiedi@NetBSD.org
            Frank Wille                 phx@NetBSD.org
            Nathan Williams             nathanw@NetBSD.org
            Rob Windsor                 windsor@NetBSD.org
            Jim Wise                    jwise@NetBSD.org
            Colin Wood                  ender@NetBSD.org
            Steve Woodford              scw@NetBSD.org
            YAMAMOTO Takashi            yamt@NetBSD.org
            Abhinav Upadhyay            abhinav@NetBSD.org
            Yuji Yamano                 yyamano@NetBSD.org
            David Young                 dyoung@NetBSD.org
            Arnaud Ysmal                stacktic@NetBSD.org
            Reinoud Zandijk             reinoud@NetBSD.org
            S.P.Zeidler                 spz@NetBSD.org
            Tim Zingelman               tez@NetBSD.org
            Christos Zoulas             christos@NetBSD.org


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     Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in
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     the referee document.

     The original Standard can be obtained online at
     http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.

     This notice shall appear on any product containing this
     material.

     In the following statement, "This software" refers to the
     parallel port driver:
           This software is a component of "386BSD" developed by
           William F. Jolitz, TeleMuse.

     Some files have the following copyright:
           Mach Operating System
           Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989 Carnegie Mellon Univer-
           sity
           All Rights Reserved.

           Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this
           software and its documentation is hereby granted, pro-
           vided that both the copyright notice and this permis-
           sion notice appear in all copies of the software, de-
           rivative works or modified versions, and any portions
           thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting
           documentation.

           CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN
           ITS CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABIL-
           ITY OF ANY KIND FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
           FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

           Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to
           return to
           Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Dis-
           tribution@CS.CMU.EDU
           School of Computer Science
           Carnegie Mellon University
           Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890

           any improvements or extensions that they make and
           grant Carnegie the rights to redistribute these
           changes.

     Some files have the following copyright:
           Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Carnegie-Mellon University.
           All rights reserved.

           Author: Chris G. Demetriou

           Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this
           software and its documentation is hereby granted, pro-
           vided that both the copyright notice and this permis-
           sion notice appear in all copies of the software, de-
           rivative works or modified versions, and any portions
           thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting
           documentation.
           CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN
           ITS "AS IS" CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY
           LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER
           RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

           Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to
           return to
           Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Dis-
           tribution@CS.CMU.EDU
           School of Computer Science
           Carnegie Mellon University
           Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890

           any improvements or extensions that they make and
           grant Carnegie the rights to redistribute these
           changes.

     Some files have the following copyright:
           Copyright 1996 The Board of Trustees of The Leland
           Stanford Junior University. All Rights Reserved.

           Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
           software and its documentation for any purpose and
           without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
           copyright notice appear in all copies.  Stanford Uni-
           versity makes no representations about the suitability
           of this software for any purpose.  It is provided "as
           is" without express or implied warranty.

   The End
NetBSD                            May 4, 2024                           NetBSD