# fwupd

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Related articles

- Secure Boot
- Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

fwupd is a simple daemon allowing you to update some devices' firmware, including UEFI for several machines.

Supported devices are listed here and more are to come.

## Installation

Install the fwupd package.

See #Setup for UEFI upgrade if you intend such an use.

### Graphical front-ends

Certain desktop environments front-end solutions have built-in fwupd support:

- GNOME Software — Will check for updates periodically and automatically download firmwares in the background on GNOME. After a firmware has been downloaded a popup will be displayed in Gnome Software to perform the update.

  https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Software || gnome-software

- KDE Discover — Software center used with Plasma. With the release of KDE Plasma 5.14, a new fwupd backend has been implemented in KDE Discover for firmware updates. These firmware updates are shown with other system updates.

  https://userbase.kde.org/Discover || discover

- GNOME Firmware — Application to upgrade, downgrade and reinstall firmware on devices supported by fwupd. It can unlock locked fwupd devices, verify firmware on supported devices and display all releases for a fwupd device.

  https://gitlab.gnome.org/hughsie/gnome-firmware-updater || gnome-firmware

## Usage

To display all devices detected by fwupd:

    $ fwupdmgr get-devices

Note: Listed devices may not be updatable through fwupd (e.g. Intel integrated graphics). Alternative vendor solutions may be provided instead.

To download the latest metadata from the Linux Vendor firmware Service (LVFS):

    $ fwupdmgr refresh

To list updates available for any devices on the system:

    $ fwupdmgr get-updates

To install updates:

    $ fwupdmgr update

Note:

- Updates that can be applied live will be done immediately.
- Updates that run at bootup will be staged for the next reboot.
- The root user may be required to perform certain device updates.

## Setup for UEFI upgrade

Warning: An update to your UEFI firmware may discard the current boot loader installation. It may be necessary to recreate the NVRAM entry (for example using efibootmgr) after the firmware update has been installed successfully.

The following requirements should be met:

1. Make sure you are booted in UEFI mode, it will not work in legacy boot mode.
2. Verify your EFI variables are accessible.
3. Mount your EFI system partition (ESP) properly. `esp` is used to denote the mountpoint in this section.

### Prepare ESP

fwupd will copy all the necessary files over to the `esp`, but for this to work, a basic folder layout must be present on your `esp`.

Note: Depending on your boot loader or the presence of other operating systems, this directory may already exist.

This constitutes the creation of an `EFI` directory on your `esp`:

    # mkdir esp/EFI/

Warning: The `EFI` directory must be in all upper-case. If you used lower-case, fwupd may detect the `esp` as `esp/efi/` and look for `esp/efi/EFI/` instead.

Restart the `fwupd.service` unit afterwards. You can now `fwupdmgr refresh` and `fwupdmgr update`. You will be prompted to reboot (into the firmware updater).

Note: On some devices, for example the Lenovo ThinkPad P50 laptop, the firmware updater displays a black screen without any messages—do not panic, and do not interrupt or force-reset the device. After a few seconds, or minutes, depending on the update—the machine will be rebooted back into the operating system.

### Secure Boot

Currently, fwupd relies on shim to chainload the fwupd EFI binary on systems with Secure Boot enabled. For this to work, shim has to be installed correctly.

#### Using your own keys

Alternatively, you have to manually sign the UEFI executable used to perform upgrades, which is located in `/usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi`. The signed UEFI executable is expected in `/usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi.signed`. Using sbsigntools, this can be achieved by running:

    # sbsign --key keyfile --cert certfile /usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi

To automatically sign this file when installed or upgraded, a Pacman hook can be used:

    /etc/pacman.d/hooks/sign-fwupd-secureboot.hook

    [Trigger]
    Operation = Install
    Operation = Upgrade
    Type = Path
    Target = usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi

    [Action]
    When = PostTransaction
    Exec = /usr/bin/sbsign --key keyfile --cert certfile /usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi
    Depends = sbsigntools

Make sure to replace `keyfile` and `certfile` with the corresponding paths of your keys.

Instead of a pacman hook you can also create a symlink from `/usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi` to `/usr/lib/fwupd/efi/fwupdx64.efi.signed` and add the file to the `EXTRA_SIGN` list in `/etc/sbupdate.conf`.

Finally, you have to change the line containing `DisableShimForSecureBoot` in `/etc/fwupd/uefi_capsule.conf` to `DisableShimForSecureBoot=true` and restart `fwupd.service`.

Note: If you set this up before fwupd 1.4, be aware of the subtle change to the configuration option name.

See https://github.com/fwupd/fwupd/issues/669 for more information.

## Troubleshooting

### Stuck when rebooting

`fwupdmgr update` reports no error, but the reboot it prompts stuck and holding the power button has no response. Try switching off the power, or press the reset button (on a laptop, it might be a hole on the back) to force-reboot.

### No error but no upgrade on reboot

Symptom: `fwupdmgr update` reports no error and prompts for reboot (e.g., on BIOS update). However, the system reboots normally (or stuck) and the firmware update does NOT happen.

Possible cause: In BIOS settings changing the boot order must be allowed.

### read-only filesystem error

At least `fwupdmgr` 1.5.2 deducts the wrong mount point if bind is used to mount `esp` to `/boot` [1]. Consequently it fails to write the UEFI update file to `/boot/EFI/arch/fw` (`fwupdmgr` while it should be written to `esp/EFI/arch/fw`.) This results in a (misleading) "file system is read-only" error message. In case the update was performed by `Discover` (or any other fwupd-capable Update GUI), no error or misleading errors may be shown.

As a workaround, run `umount /boot` first if it was bind-mounted to `esp/EFI/arch` before, then run `fwupdmgr update` to write the UEFI update file to `esp/EFI/arch/fw`, `mount /boot` and reboot the system to perform the UEFI update.

### UEFI ESP partition not detected or configured

fwupd needs udisks2 to detect the ESP. As a workaround, the mount point can also be specified manually:

    /etc/fwupd/uefi_capsule.conf

    [uefi_capsule]
    OverrideESPMountPoint=/efi   # Change according to your setup

Also see the relevant article in the fwupd wiki.

### MSR plugin is failing to load

The MSR plugin allows querying the state of DCI, a debugging interface available for Intel CPUs that should be disabled on production machines according to fwupd's documentation.

This plugin needs the `msr` kernel module loaded. `msr` is a built-in kernel module in all the official Arch Linux kernel packages, but unofficial kernel packages might have it as a loadable kernel module. In the latter case, we need to explicitly load it by automatically loading the msr module with systemd.

Category:

- Hardware