MySQL Reference Manual for version 4.0.18.

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2.3.1 Quick Source Installation Overview

The basic commands you must execute to install a MySQL source distribution are:

 
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
shell> make
shell> make install
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> bin/mysql_install_db
shell> chown -R root  .
shell> chown -R mysql var
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

For versions of MySQL older than 4.0, substitute bin/safe_mysqld for bin/mysqld_safe in the final command.

If you start from a source RPM, do the following:

 
shell> rpm --rebuild --clean MySQL-VERSION.src.rpm

This will make a binary RPM that you can install.

A more detailed description follows.

To install a source distribution, follow these steps, then proceed to 2.4 Post-installation Setup and Testing, for post-installation initialization and testing:

  1. Add a user and group for mysqld to run as:

     
    shell> groupadd mysql
    shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
    

    These commands add the mysql group and the mysql user. The syntax for useradd and groupadd may differ slightly on different versions of Unix. They may also be called adduser and addgroup. You may wish to call the user and group something else instead of mysql.

  2. Pick the directory under which you want to unpack the distribution, and move into it.

  3. Obtain a distribution file from one of the sites listed in Getting MySQL. MySQL source distributions are provided as compressed tar archives and have names like `mysql-VERSION.tar.gz', where VERSION is a number like 4.0.18.

  4. Unpack the distribution into the current directory:
     
    shell> gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar xvf -
    

    This command creates a directory named `mysql-VERSION'.

    With GNU tar, no separate invocation of gunzip is necessary. You can use the following alternative command to uncompress and extract the distribution:

     
    shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
    

  5. Change into the top-level directory of the unpacked distribution:

     
    shell> cd mysql-VERSION
    

    Note that currently you must configure and build MySQL from this top-level directory. You cannot build it in a different directory.

  6. Configure the release and compile everything:

     
    shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
    shell> make
    

    When you run configure, you might want to specify some options. Run ./configure --help for a list of options. configure options, discusses some of the more useful options.

    If configure fails and you are going to send mail to a MySQL mailing list to ask for assistance, please include any lines from `config.log' that you think can help solve the problem. Also include the last couple of lines of output from configure. Post the bug report using the mysqlbug script. See section 1.7.1.3 How to Report Bugs or Problems.

    If the compile fails, see 2.3.4 Dealing With Problems Compiling MySQL, for help with a number of common problems.

  7. Install the distribution:

     
    shell> make install
    

    If you want to set up an option file, use one of those present in the `support-files' directory as template. For example:

     
    shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    

    You might need to run these commands as root.

    If you want to configure support for InnoDB tables, you should edit the /etc/my.cnf file, remove the # character before the option lines that start with innodb_..., and modify the option values to be what you want. See section 4.3.2 Using Option Files, and 14.4.3 InnoDB Startup Options.

  8. Change location into the installation directory:

     
    shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
    

  9. If you haven't installed MySQL before, you must create the MySQL grant tables:

     
    shell> bin/mysql_install_db
    

    Note that for MySQL versions older than Version 3.22.10, mysql_install_db left the server running after creating the grant tables. This is no longer true; you will need to restart the server after performing the remaining steps in this procedure.

  10. Change ownership of binaries to root and ownership of the data directory to the user that you will run mysqld as. Assuming that you are located in the installation directory (`/usr/local/mysql'), the commands look like this:

     
    shell> chown -R root  .
    shell> chown -R mysql var
    shell> chgrp -R mysql .
    

    The first command changes the owner attribute of the files to the root user. The second changes the owner attribute of the data directory to the mysql user. The third changes the group attribute to the mysql group.

  11. If you would like MySQL to start automatically when you boot your machine, you can copy support-files/mysql.server to the location where your system has its startup files. More information can be found in the support-files/mysql.server script itself and in 2.4.2.2 Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically.

  12. You can set up new accounts using the bin/mysql_setpermission script if you install the DBI and DBD::mysql Perl modules. For instructions, see 2.7 Perl Installation Notes.

After everything has been installed, you should initialize and test your distribution using this command:

 
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

For versions of MySQL older than 4.0, substitute bin/safe_mysqld for bin/mysqld_safe in the command.

If that command fails immediately and prints mysqld ended, you can find some information in the file `mysql-data-directory/'hostname'.err'. The likely reason is that you already have another mysqld server running. See section 5.9 Running Multiple MySQL Servers on the Same Machine.

Now proceed to 2.4 Post-installation Setup and Testing.


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