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=0 -+- 2001-02-13:9 -+- UNIX Basics -+- Removing ^M from file -+- ismail@enderunix.org -+- Ismail YENIGUL -+- http://www.enderunix.org -+- email -+- English -+-  -+- Mozilla/4.76 [en] (X11; U; FreeBSD 4.2-RELEASE i386) -+- 7064
if you have transferred a file from MS Windows to UNIX, you might find that the file looks like this:
<br>bleh bleh ^M
<br>leh leh      ^M
<br>tey tey tey^M
<br>
<br>This is because Windows uses carridge return and
newline to indicate a new line.
<br>Here are a number of ways to get rid of the ^M characters:
<br>
1- cat filename1 | tr -d "^V^M" > newfile

<br>2- sed -e "s/^V^M//" filename > outputfilename

<br> where ^V is actually control-V and ^M is actually control-M (you must type these yourself, don't just copy and paste this command from
this web page)

<br>3-vi solution : open file with vi
		
    <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;   1. hit the ESC key 
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;      2. :%s/^V^M// 
<br>
<br>3
- some distributions contain a command called
dos2unix which removes these carridge return characters
<br>
<br>4- use the texteditor vim (www.vim.org) and edit
the file. If all the lines (not only some) contain consistently
the carridge return characters then vim will show [textmode] and
when you change the mode with the command<br>
:set notextmode <br>
it will remove them.