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- The 'normal' is the line which stands in a right-angle on the object that the light bundle hits.
- The 'angle of impact' (geel) is the angle between the normal and the light bundle.
- the 'refractive index' of an object gives info about how difficult it is for a light bundle to penetrate the object. The harder this is, the more the angle will move towards the normal. remark: the refractive index can never be smaller than 1
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